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BMet / Survation · Jan 2023 · Bridgehead Education

Attitudes Towards
Adult Education
in the West Midlands

A regional poll of 1,033 adults aged 18–55 in the West Midlands and Birmingham, conducted by Survation on behalf of BMet (fieldwork 20–26 January 2023), examining attitudes towards returning to education, barriers to participation, and awareness of government skills programmes including the Lifelong Loan Entitlement Offer.

57%

Would consider returning to education (Q4.1, West Midlands)

42%

Not interested, most common barrier (Q5, West Midlands)

70%

Unaware of the Lifelong Loan Entitlement Offer (Q6.1, WM)

58%

Prefer part-time study mode (Q4.2, West Midlands)

01 / 12

Current Enrolment Status

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q1 asked respondents about their current relationship with formal education. In the West Midlands, 20% are currently enrolled; the picture is slightly higher in Birmingham at 24%. The vast majority, over 73% in both areas, are not currently enrolled.

20%

Currently enrolled, West Midlands (Q1)

24%

Currently enrolled, Birmingham (Q1)

74%

Not enrolled, West Midlands (Q1)

02 / 12

Age When Left Formal Education

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q2 (base: not currently in education, n=727) shows most people left at 18–24 in both areas, and the skew is if anything sharper in Birmingham (38% left at 18–24, against 33% in the West Midlands). Over nine in ten leavers in both areas were out of formal education by age 24, and fewer than one in ten left after that.

38%

Left aged 18–24, Birmingham

33%

Left aged 18–24, West Midlands

32%

Left aged 10–16, West Midlands

03 / 12

Perceived Upper Age Limit: Formal Education

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q3.1 (base: all, n=1025). A combined 43% of West Midlands respondents correctly understand there is no upper age limit for attending formal education in the UK. Birmingham sits slightly lower at 38%. Misperceptions about age caps, particularly those citing limits of 21–25, represent a significant communications opportunity.

43%

Correctly: no upper age limit, West Midlands

38%

Correctly: no upper age limit, Birmingham

25%

Incorrectly believe limit is 21–25 (both regions)

04 / 12

Perceived Upper Age Limit: Work-Related Training

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q3.2 (base: all, n=1025). This is where the two regions genuinely diverge. West Midlands respondents carry their formal-education belief straight across into training, with 43% again saying there is no upper limit. Only 6% of Birmingham respondents say the same, and 39% simply don't know, nearly five times the West Midlands "don't know" rate of 8%. Whatever is communicating "no age limit" for academic study in Birmingham is not reaching people on training and retraining.

43%

No upper limit for training, West Midlands

6%

No upper limit for training, Birmingham

39%

Simply don't know, Birmingham

05 / 12

Dream Job Satisfaction

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q3.3 (base: employed, n=833). Two-thirds of employed West Midlands residents say they are not in their dream job, a figure that falls to 59% in Birmingham. This latent career dissatisfaction is a powerful hook for skills retraining messaging: most people want a better career but have not yet acted.

66%

Not in dream job, West Midlands

59%

Not in dream job, Birmingham

33%

Say they are in their dream job, Birmingham

06 / 12

Intent to Return to Education

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q4.1 (base: not in education, n=727). A majority in both regions would consider returning to education or training, 57% in the West Midlands and 60% in Birmingham. This latent demand represents a substantial addressable market for providers who can overcome the practical barriers respondents cite.

57%

Would consider returning, West Midlands

60%

Would consider returning, Birmingham

35%

Would not consider returning, West Midlands

07 / 12

Preferred Study Mode

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q4.2 (base: would consider returning, n=461). The two areas want it delivered differently. 58% of interested West Midlands respondents want part-time provision specifically, while Birmingham splits more evenly, with the largest single group (54%) open to either format. Full-time study attracts only a small minority in both areas.

58%

Part-time, West Midlands

54%

Would consider either, Birmingham

13%

Full-time, West Midlands

08 / 12

Barriers to Education & Training

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q5 (base: would not consider returning, n=216). Among those who would not return, disengagement is the single biggest factor, 42% in the West Midlands and 35% in Birmingham simply are not interested. Cost and time are the leading practical barriers; addressing them alone would not overcome the majority.

42%

Simply not interested, West Midlands

37%

Named cost as a barrier, West Midlands

34%

Named time constraints, West Midlands

09 / 12

Lifelong Loan Entitlement Awareness

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q6.1 (base: all, n=1025). Awareness of the government's Lifelong Loan Entitlement Offer is critically low in both regions, 70% of West Midlands adults and 60% of Birmingham residents have never heard of it. The gap is even larger at Birmingham, where 18% say they are strongly aware vs 14% in the wider region.

70%

Not aware of LLE, West Midlands

60%

Not aware of LLE, Birmingham

14%

Strongly aware of LLE, West Midlands

10 / 12

What the LLE Is For: Among Aware Respondents

West Midlands (darker)Birmingham (lighter)

Q6.2 (base: aware of LLE, n=333). Even among those who are aware of the Lifelong Loan Entitlement, only 45–46% correctly identify it as a post-18 education loan. Over a third believe it is a home-buying scheme, and 17–20% think it covers energy bills. Mass confusion about the policy's purpose hampers take-up even among those who have heard of it.

45%

Correctly identify LLE as education loan, WM

46%

Correctly identify LLE as education loan, Birmingham

35%

Wrongly believe it is a home-buying loan, WM

11 / 12

Key Findings

All figures sourced directly from the BMet/Survation West Midlands Adult Education poll, January 2023 (n=1,033). Both West Midlands and Birmingham series are shown throughout. Where figures differ, the West Midlands base is cited unless stated.

  • 20% of WM adults are currently enrolled in formal education; 74% are not enrolled, the base for all subsequent questions (Q1).
  • 18–24 is the most common age for leaving education in both areas (33% WM, 38% Birmingham), and over nine in ten leavers in both areas were out of formal education by 24 (Q2).
  • 43% of WM adults know there is no upper age limit for education or training, but only 6% of Birmingham adults say the same for training specifically, a key communications gap (Q3.1/Q3.2).
  • 66% of employed WM residents are not in their dream job, career dissatisfaction is the strongest latent motivator for skills training (Q3.3).
  • 57% of non-enrolled WM residents would consider returning to education or training, significant latent demand exists (Q4.1).
  • Part-time is the clear preference in WM, at 58%, but Birmingham splits more evenly, with 54% open to either format, providers must offer flexible delivery (Q4.2).
  • 42% of non-returners in WM are simply not interested, disengagement, not structural barriers, is the primary obstacle (Q5).
  • 70% of WM adults and 60% of Birmingham adults are unaware of the LLE Offer, a major comms failure (Q6.1).
  • Only 45% of those aware of the LLE correctly describe what it is for, even the aware are largely confused about the policy (Q6.2).
12 / 12

Why It Still Matters, 2026

BMet's poll is now three years old, but the gap it found has not closed. National figures published since show the same disengagement and the same confusion over entitlement, at a larger scale and under a new scheme name.

  • Adult FE and skills participation has kept falling nationally, from nearly 3.3 million learners in 2012–13 to around 1.8 million in 2024–25, and provisional 2025/26 data shows a further 8.3% drop in adult education and training participation year on year (DfE, Explore Education Statistics).
  • The Lifelong Loan Entitlement that BMet asked about has been replaced by the Lifelong Learning Entitlement (LLE), launching from the 2026/27 academic year, and awareness has not improved: only 12% of adults nationally know it is coming (HEPI, Feb 2026), close to the 70%/60% unaware of the old scheme that BMet found regionally in 2023.
  • Funding for adult skills in the West Midlands is being restructured again: from 2026–27 the West Midlands Combined Authority moves to an Integrated Settlement, folding the Adult Skills Fund into a single non-ringfenced pot for the region, which is exactly the kind of local decision BMet’s respondents told researchers they don’t hear about (WMCA Trailblazer Devolution Deal; gov.uk grant determination letters, 2026).

National figures: DfE Further Education and Skills, 2025/26 (Explore Education Statistics); HEPI, “One year until the lifelong learning entitlement kicks in”, Feb 2026; West Midlands Combined Authority Adult Skills Fund funding rules and gov.uk devolved grant determination letters, 2026. Regional figures throughout remain BMet/Survation, Jan 2023.